DBMS

DBMS stands for data base management system. DBMS is a set of programs that facilitates the process of defining, constructing, accessing, and manipulating data-base for various application, so we can say it is a collection of data-base and those programs by which we access the data from data-base. In other words DBMS provides the method in which data can be handeled and utilizes in an effective manner.

Basic Terminology of DBMS

Data:- The facts that can be stored or recorded and that have clear meaning are known as data. It is the smallest unit of the data-base that is also called data element. Data is a raw fact or unprocessed information.

Information:- When data is processed, it is called information, but an unprocessed information is data. In other words, data is a raw fact which when processed information is obtained.

Database:- It is an organised collection of related information, here data-base has a very specific meaning and ruled and they are-

• Some views of real world are represented by data-base . Real world is called mini-world or the universe of discourse (U.D.).
• Data-base should show the simultaneous change with the change in real world (mini-world).
• Data-base is logically connected data collection with some inherent meaning.
• A random collection of data is never a data-base.
• To perform a specific task, data-base is created and manipulated by some intended group of users.

Advantages of DBMS

• Data Independence: Changes to data structure don't affect application programs.
• Reduced Redundancy: Centralized storage eliminates duplicate data.
• Data Integrity: Constraints ensure data accuracy and consistency.
• Data Security: Access control restricts unauthorized access.
• Concurrent Access: Multiple users can access data simultaneously.
• Backup and Recovery: DBMS provides mechanisms to recover from failures.

Types of DBMS

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